With the increasing level of production cars and the corresponding global stocks, based on rapid industrialization in Asia, Africa and Latin America and the growing demand in Eastern Europe, the share of textiles in a car is in response to rigorous and comfort ' increased safety requirements in industrialized countries like the United States, Japan and Western Europe.
automotive textiles, textile, clothing that are not often in vehicles such as cars, trains, buses,Aircraft and marine vehicles. Therefore, the term textile all types of automotive components such as textile fibers, filaments, yarns and fabrics used in automobiles.
Almost two-thirds of textiles for car interiors, seat covers that is, carpets and roof panels and the door. The rest is used to reinforce tires, hoses, belts, airbags, etc.
It is expected that nearly 45 square textile material is used in a lounge car interior (,News, side panel, carpet and trunk). According to a survey by the share of textiles in the car is 2 percent of the total weight of a vehicle. In addition to textile components visible, hidden components in rubber and composite materials, pipes and filters, equivalent to 10-11 kg per vehicle in absolute terms. Technical textiles are widely used in vehicles and systems, including cars, buses, trains, planes and warships. In textiles automotiveFour types of fabrics, including:
. Airbag Fabric
. Material as a basis for reducing the weight of body parts
. Tire cord fabrics
. Automotive upholstery and other textile products used in the vehicle
The airbag and seat belts are used as security measures of one of the newest types of textile products in the car and have a potential market for technical textiles that have a great opportunity for growth and development. Because of legislation and governmentThe interest of consumers, the applications are very popular in the last ten to fifteen years.
Over the past ten years: the air bag or inflatable restraints have considerable importance as the driver and passengers in the event of an accident to protect. First, the bags for the front, but were done now, there are many other security devices such as side impact bags, knee bolsters, side curtain, etc., available for security in all types of crash . Since the collisionsare a major cause of accidental deaths with airbags are a standard product in vehicles of law which has been the rapid growth of commercial air bag lodged in the last ten years. HHS and NHTSA report that the airbag systems played an important role in saving thousands of lives since 1985. In 2002 alone, the airbag system, a reduction of 20 per cent of fatal accidents, which have been observed in fatal collisions.
In 1999 there were 55 million to 81 million vehiclesAirbag. In 2004, the number of units in front air bags, nearly 100 million € and the number of side airbags almost 65 million €. That same year, nearly 23 percent of new vehicles in North America had side airbags to protect the chest and 17 percent had side airbags for head protection. Until 2005 this was increased to 180 million air bags and 65 million vehicles.
application form of the tissue to 325 million square meters in 2005 have increased, and 83 tons of fiber, usually made of nylonwas used.
The world airbag market of 66 million units in 1996 to over 200 million units in 2006 rising an average annual growth of 12 percent. During this decade, Europe will lead to 60 million units, Asia-Pacific, 30 million units in North America and 24 million units.
While growth in North America and Western European markets have also seen a remarkable development in the international market. As new applications for the air bag inflates, including the seat backBags, seat belts and inflatable air bags for a system of external routes, new materials and combinations are applied. The bags and front passenger have different needs, because the distance between the prisoners, but both have experienced rapid growth and deflation in a very short period of time.
Rollover bags must remain inflated for five seconds. In addition to new applications anticipated trends include lighter material for use with the new "cold gas generators, mixed with materials such as fabric andMovies, new polymer coating (silicone dominated now replaced with neoprene).
The growth of the safety devices in passenger compartment
Rising and electronic security devices require an inner space with new concepts for the accommodation.
worldwide market for airbag yarns PA
The fiber producer accordis Industrial Fibres BV, Arnhem, Holland said the global market for air bag PA 84,000 tonnes in 2005.
Airbag
Air bags were introducedat the end of 1960, but it was only in 1990 that their use has increased significantly and will continue to grow. This confirms the research and development is still in the design, construction and fabric base is made.
The outlook for the textile and clothing industry is trying ¬ giant in the field of manufacturing an air bag. This is due to its strong demand, especially in relation to legislation that is already collected from several countries.
Around 1.42 meter2 tissue¬ driver to produce airbags for light vehicles. This review is the idea that the airbag market is of great importance for the use of technical fabrics. Air bags are generally made of fabrics coated or uncoated yarn PA 6.6 with a low permeability.
A pillow in the textile fabric is an ingredient for an airbag that is folded in the middle of the steering wheel (the driver) or in the glove compartment (passenger) are included. In general, the stock marketnylon 6, 6 yarns, are required in large quantities due to their high strength to weight ratio, low stretch, sufficient thermal properties and relatively low cost of production. Other properties are expected to be high strength, high anti-seam slippage, controlled air permeability and the ability to record in small rooms for more than ten years folded without degradation.
Function
A triggering device starts explosive chemicals when they feelan accident about 35 miles per hour will be soon. These chemicals restrain the occupants and the cushion from the collision of heavy objects. The material from which the piece is to be able to resist the force of chemical propellant. Need more, the hot gases do not penetrate the fabric and skin burn the occupants of the vehicle.
For air bags to take their protective function, each function to work with system reliability and predictability. In front airbagIntroducing the cushion begins within 20 ms after impact and is designed to provide complete in the 50th ms Within this period, the bag through the plastic cover to spread blow up and fill the space between the dashboard and the passenger.
Material Applications
Air bags are typically made of high strength nylon 6, 6 in fine quality yarn 210, 420-840 denier, although some Polyester and even some of polyamide 6 is used. When nylon 6 is soft, is used toReduce skin abrasions. Airbag fabric is not dyed, but must be boiled for impure substances, which could encourage mold or other problems to overcome. Air bags are designed in compact size, normal tissue.
The amount of material needed to make a lot depends on its position in the car and the market it serves. The fabrics used for the production of a driver and front passenger airbags are quiet different. The majority of driver side airbags are covered with the help of lower denier yarns that give strength andlightweight fabrics. The loser has more passes through nylon 6, 6 yarns, fabrics with lighter weight, less stiffness and better create packagabiIity allowed.
The substance, produced by the passenger, is not covered in the rule. These types of bags passengers are larger, so that the pressure of gas, to create, have inflation in the longer term and have gas, it's cool. The yarns that constitute it are of relatively heavy denier. Normally, air bag fabrics made of rapierMachines or air-jet weaving machine with electronic shaft.
Airbag fabric varieties
The earliest mirrors were coated with neoprene and nylon fabric 6, 6, but later, lighter and thinner versions covered with silicone later. But then coated fabric have emerged. Most of these fabrics are coated with an elastomeric material such as neoprene or silicone. The enduring popularity of coated materials with an air bag has been seen in its ability to work as a heat shield andThe relative ease with which designers can expect improved performance in their use.
Although there are some inherent problems with airbags lining that covers the great strength, the inability to confined spaces and the tendency to bend time. Coated fab ¬ RICS are easy to cut and sew, and the permeability can be well managed.
The disadvantages of coated airbag and replacing them later showed significant untreated materials justifiedThe developments in both sectors of industry. Uncoated airbags can be recycled easily. The first development by the producers of yarns and fabrics that have been developed, while the performance of tissue ahead. Their gas permeability is under some control, because the way as an uncoated fabric and discharges of gas, the capacity of an air bag to withstand impact. The second development has made the gas generator manufacturers have begun to won thatReplacing original gas generators, air exhaust devices that emit air as argon and helium. This is very useful because these gases are effective at lower temperatures and less hot exhaust particles.
Finishing processes of airbag fabric
After weaving, the friction of the air bag fabric must be reduced. To obtain accurate air permeability, the airbag fabric can be ironed out. Besides affecting the permeability of weaving and finishing, precisiontransmission control can be achieved by a coating. If the air bag material is finished, it will be sewn together, the best approach is to use a laser
Airbags and nylon 6, 6, polyester, aramid and Kevlar yarns are sewn, and selected models and density in order to maximize performance. If a stock is to be folded inside the cover. Packaging should be to tie the bag to allow you to manage the operation. Finally, a cover over the bag to be adjusted to protectfrom abrasion.
Airbag variables
Air bags are available in various sizes and configurations, depending on the type of car and driving. In addition, the driver's side airbag is less than the front passengers up to about 65 liters.
Related Searches
Airbag systems, there are five main provider of the airbag module itself, that 32 percent of the value of the airbag system. The key control unit has four airbags suppliers accounted for 24 per cent of the valueand the party headquarters of the system has two suppliers, with a stake of 31 percent. However, the remaining 40, only 13 per cent of the suppliers of airbag systems.
Two years ago, INVISTA, has previously been extended DuPont Textiles & Interiors, nylon 6, 6 fibers for a total capacity of 7.5 kilotons (kt) in two plants, one in Qing Dao, China, and the second in Gloucester , United Kingdom.
A wide range of polyamide 6.6 airbag, specialized EnkaNylon be of high performance polyamide for its superior Castle (Germany) and Scottsboro (Alabama) plants.
Zapata Corporation in December 2005 completed the sale of its 4162.394000 shares of Safety Components International, Inc. a private equity investor Wilbur L. Ross, Jr. for almost $ 51,200,000. Zapata-participation represents about 77.3 percent of total outstanding shares of the safety components'. Safety Components is an independent producer of airbags andThe company's products are widely used for vehicle safety air bags and in niche markets, industrial and commercial applications. Safety Components, based in Greenville, South Carolina, has manufacturing facilities in North America, Europe, China and South Africa.
Takata is a manufacturer of automotive safety belts. Takata began the study of security technology in 1952. After eight years of research and development Takata was the first security company to offer standard seat beltsthe Japanese market in 1960. In the early 1970s, Takata worked with NHTSA to meet the new requirements of high-speed crash tests and provided the first energy absorbing harness system to 30 mph crash test to exist. Irvin Automotive is another group company Takata. Irvin makes armrests, tonneau cover, shaped brackets, seat covers and Sun Visors
Narricot Industries, LP, a Southampton, Pennsylvania, is a manufacturer of woven ribbons in North America. With productionBoykins and structures in South Hill, Virginia, is Narricot number of seat belt webbing to the North American automotive industry.
Autoliv is a supplier of airbags, seatbelts and other safety systems in vehicles. Autoliv has close to 80 or a part of the production facilities owned by vehicle manufacturers in 30 countries. Autoliv and its joint ventures and licensees a year to 80 million seat belts.
Toray Industries, Inc., the nylon-6, 6 fibers and makesTextiles for use in car air-bag, is planning the production of fabrics for automotive air bag fabrics start at its subsidiary in January 2006 czech. The company plans to invest in equipment for its subsidiary Toray Textiles Central Europe. The production is 600,000 meters in 2006 and 4 million meters in 2010. Currently, the fabric Toray in Japan, Thailand and China is mainly used for air bags in cars in Japan.
Performance tests andStandard
Many individual tests with airbag yarns and fabrics is the number 50 said. The ASTM, SAE, and the occupant Res ¬ Traint Council (AORC) have different standards, the appropriate tests for air bags made explicit.
Belts
The seat belt is a device designed to absorb energy in order to impose the burden on the body of a victim to take an accident to survive limits. Basically, it is not recoverable by the offer of extensionDecrease the deceleration forces, which the body is about to crash. extension, not recoverable, it is considered to be significant for the occupant to be in their seats and storage to prevent whiplash after a collision. To prevent further webbing payout after an accident, the automatic belt retractor has a locking device as is known. A safety belt only effective to allow the wearer to move forward a maximum of about 30 cm from the contact with the solid parts of the preventionCar.
It is believed that the belts were invented simultaneously in America and Sweden. The only difference was that the American band wrap a belt around the waist and the Swedish band has made a diagonal band in order to defend the upper body. Now, one of the two models is a common agreement and is a mix of 3-point belt, which is determined by two taps on the floor and a third on the side wall or column. Runners have different models, in particular, two shoulderBelt and a safety belt. The first automobile safety belts were built and were adjusted in order to manually adjust the operating carrier. The automatic belt replaced this model by the carrier more room to move.
Seat belts are woven on multiple levels and are in twill or satin ribbons produce high-strength polyester yarn, usually 320 or 260 dtex end of 1100 the end of 1670 dtex yarn. These facilities provide the highest yarn packing within a certain rangefor maximum strength and a tendency to use coarse yarn abrasion. To facilitate the need to need to be more soft and flexible for its entire length, but the stiffness across the width, to facilitate easy glide seamlessly between cases and buckles to enter. require edges is resistant to abrasion, but not unpleasant drive, and the fabric must be resistant microorganisms. Nylon was used in some initial safety belts, but because of the higher the UV-degradationResistance, polyester is now widely used around the world.
Performance Standards
Normally require the performance standards of safety belt to a passenger to hold 90 kg of weight involved in a collision at 50 km / h (30 mph) in a solid object. Just pull the tensile strength of at least 30 mm must be KN/50. Other tests include accelerated aging and assembled into the mold, resistance to bolting 10,000 times. The seat belt should be durable with no significantDeterioration. In many cars, to ensure the inclusion of air bags, efforts were made to perform the function of the two devices (seat belts and airbags).
Conclusion
There is no doubt that air bags help save lives, but it can also be a source of injury. The search for a single airbag intelligent, able to perceive the size of the passenger or if the seat is empty and this reaction is in progress. to take such a "smart" airbag sensors to assessWeight, size and position of car occupants and thus more appropriate to use.
In addition, protection devices with the seat belt along with other security products, used in particular for children passengers, are built into the development phase. The tendency of uncoated fabrics is expected to continue and so is the best dynamic range for airbag cars fuii-size bags. There is also a technical challenge for the manufacture of the bag and their rational useSpecific to the automotive industry.
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